Nuffield Chemistry Book of Data
This Nuffield Chemistry Data Book contains the following sections: Section 1: Basic information Table 1.1 Selected symbols and abbreviations Table 1.2 Values of selected physical measurements Table 1.3 The elements Section 2: Masses, volumes, shapes, and sizes Table 2.1 Masses and volumes of 1 g-atom of elements at 25°C…
General School Chemistry
This book was written for chemistry students from the age of 11 to 16. Some of the subject matter would currently be appropriate for Advanced Level Chemistry students. The text is divided into chapters, describing the key concepts. There are end-of-chapter questions to test comprehension, and example exam questions related to…
Experiments with Aluminium
Written by F.C. Brown and published by the English Universities Press, this book contains information about experiments relating to aluminium or its compounds. Aluminium is a very familiar metal and its properties offer interesting possibilities for experiment. The instructions contain teacher guidance and practical advice. The…
Electrons at Work
Written by F.C. Brown and published by the English Universities Press, this book contains a broad selection of experiments designed to help students understand the close relationship between chemical activity and the movement of electrons. The activities aim to stimulate an investigative approach. They can give valuable experience…
Determination of Vitamin C in Foodstuffs
This Unilever Laboratory Experiment, published in 1973, describes two methods for determining the vitamin C in foods. The leaflet describes the estimation of vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) in foodstuffs, after extraction with metaphosphoric acid, by titration with a standardized dye, 2,6 dichlorophenolindophenol, which is quantitatively…
Thin Layer Chromatography
This Unilever Laboratory Experiment, published in 1970, describes the analysis of fluorescers from soap and soapless detergent powders. The procedure describes how the fluorescers can be extracted from the product, separated by thin layer chromatography techniques, and made visible by exposing the chromatograms to ultraviolet light.…
N-terminal Analysis of a Dipeptide
This Unilever Laboratory Experiment, published in 1967, describes a procedure based on the use of 1 -fluoro 2,4 dinitrophenylation (FDNB) as developed by Sanger during his studies on the structure of the protein hormone insulin. In the experiment, two dipeptides are used which contain the same two amino acids but in different sequence.…
The Rusting of Steel
This Unilever Laboratory Experiment, published in 1969, gives the procedure for using corrosion (ferroxyl) indicator to demonstrate anodic and cathodic areas on the surface of steel as it corrodes.
Supercontraction of Hair
This Unilever Laboratory Experiment, published in 1967, describes an experiment to measure the contraction of hair in a hot solution of phenol. The procedure is based on a school-made apparatus to measure the changes of length. The results are discussed in terms of hydrogen bonding and disulphide bonds between protein chains.
Making an Emulsion
This Unilever Laboratory Experiment, published in 1966, demonstrates that mineral oil and water form an oil-in-water emulsion when sodium oleate is the emulsifier, and a water-in-oil emulsion when calcium oleate is the emulsifier. Water-soluble and oil-soluble dyes are used to distinguish the two types of emulsion.
Isolation of Oil of Clove Followed by Extraction of Eugenol
This Unilever Laboratory Experiment, published in 1966, describes the use of steam distillation to separate oil from crushed cloves. The method for extracting the eugenol from the oil used carbon tetrachloride (tetrachloromethane) and so would need to be modified before this could now be done in schools and colleges. Eugenol is the…
Determination of the Total Hardness of Water
This Unilever Laboratory Experiment, published in 1970, describes the procedure for a titration with EDTA and Eriochrome Black T to determine the total hardness of water. The details cover the preparation of a standard solution of EDTA as well as the steps of the titration.
The Hydrogenation of Soft Oils
Details of this challenging experiment were published in this leaflet from the Unilever Laboratory Experiment in 1965. Requirements included a pyrophoric nickel catalyst supplied by Unilever, hydrogen from a cylinder and a vegetable oil treated with activated charcoal to remove impurities. The necessary apparatus included a three-necked…
The Preparation of Sodium Alkyl Benzene Sulphonate
The method of preparation of a sulphonate paste described in this Unilever Laboratory Experiment is basically the same as that used by Unilever in the large-scale production of soapless detergents at the time of publication in 1964. The required reactants included an alkylbenzene hydrocarbon supplied by the Unilever Education Section…
The Preparation of Soap
This Unilever Laboratory Experiment describes the preparation of soap from a mixture of cooking oil and dripping. The leaflet was first published in 1964 and so lacks modern safety guidance. The procedure is authentic; it is designed to produce a convincing sample of soap. This means that it could be the basis of an advanced investigation…
Experimental Chemistry: a Laboratory Manual
This book was first published by Edward Arnold in 1967 and revised for a second edition in 1972. It was written to provide guidance and instructions for a very wide range of practical activities that might be carried out by students as part of a post-16 Chemistry course in schools or colleges. In line with developments in the teaching…
Drugs and Medicines
This is one of the 14 Background Books published for Stage III of the Nuffield Chemistry Sample Scheme. The books were highly illustrated and designed to be attractive. This book traces some of the key developments in the uses of chemicals in medicine. The main topics are: • the early history of medicine • the relief…
Water
This is one of the 14 Background Books published for Stage III of the Nuffield Chemistry Sample Scheme. The books were highly illustrated and designed to be attractive. This book highlights the importance of water and explains key ideas related to its chemistry. There are five parts to this book: • Part 1: Chemical and…
Sulphuric Acid
This is one of the 14 Background Books published for Stage III of the Nuffield Chemistry Sample Scheme. The books were highly illustrated and designed to be attractive. This book describes the production and use of an industrially important acid.. There are four parts to this book: • Part 1: A history Methods of making…
Pictures in Silver
This is one of the 14 Background Books published for Stage III of the Nuffield Chemistry Sample Scheme. The books were highly illustrated and designed to be attractive. This book describes developments in photography It long before the modern era of digital photography. The main topics are: • the importance of photography…
Metals and Alloys
This is one of the 14 Background Books published for Stage III of the Nuffield Chemistry Sample Scheme. The books were highly illustrated and designed to be attractive. This book describes applications of chemistry. There are four parts to this book: • Part 1: Extraction of metals The extraction of aluminium, copper and…
Corrosion
This is one of the 14 Background Books published for Stage III of the Nuffield Chemistry Sample Scheme. The books were highly illustrated and designed to be attractive. This book describes applications of chemistry to solve practical problems. There are three parts to this book: • Part 1: What is corrosion? The rusting…
Colour
This is one of the 14 Background Books published for Stage III of the Nuffield Chemistry Sample Scheme. The books were highly illustrated and designed to be attractive. This book describes developments in the applications of chemistry but takes an historical approach in some sections. There are two parts to this book: •…
Colloids
This is one of the 14 Background Books published for Stage III of the Nuffield Chemistry Sample Scheme. The books were highly illustrated and designed to be attractive. This book describes applications of chemistry. There are three parts to this book: • Part 1: The properties of colloids Covering, diffusion, Brownian motion,…
The Discovery of the Inert Gases
This is one of the 14 Background Books published for Stage III of the Nuffield Chemistry Sample Scheme. The books were highly illustrated and designed to be attractive. This book is historical and traces the discovery of the group of elements that we now call the ‘noble gases’. There are three parts to this book: •…
The Way of Discovery
This is one of the 14 Background Books published for Stage III of the Nuffield Chemistry Sample Scheme. The books were highly illustrated and designed to be attractive. This book consists of a series of articles about scientists who won the Nobel Prize between 1929 and 1967. The stories illustrate a variety of aspects of how science…
What Is an Acid?
This is one of the 14 Background Books published for Stage III of the Nuffield Chemistry Sample Scheme. The books were highly illustrated and designed to be attractive. This book is mainly an account of theories of acidity with examples to explain the importance of acids. There are two parts to this book: • Part 1: Defining…
Chemistry and Electricity
This is one of the 14 Background Books published for Stage III of the Nuffield Chemistry Sample Scheme. The books were highly illustrated and designed to be attractive. This book introduces thermodynamic concepts and applies them the a variety of types of chemicals cells. There are seven parts to this book: • Part 1:…
Chemical Engineering
This is one of the 14 Background Books published for Stage III of the Nuffield Chemistry Sample Scheme. The books were highly illustrated and designed to be attractive. This book starts with a story of the discovery of a new solvent and the stages in the development of a new process to make it on a large scale. The book ends…
Teachers' Guide to Special Studies
The Teachers’ Guide to the Nuffield Advanced Chemistry Special Studies set out for each study the objectives for each topic, suggested teaching approaches, technical information about the practical work, specimen results and advice on further sources of information. Contents • Introduction • Biochemistry •…
Collected Experiments
Collected Experiments contains all the experiments used in the sample scheme together with many others. It is intended for the use of teachers, and its purpose is two-fold: 1. to provide alternative experiments in case those given for the sample scheme are not suited to the particular conditions under which the teacher is working. 2.…